The Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark
The Basilica of Saint Mark is the most important tourist attraction after the San Marco Market and rightly so. It is a monument of Byzantine architecture, adorned with gold and bright mosaics and enough sculptures to impress any tourist.
The basilica was built to preserve the relics of Saint Mark the Evangelist, which were stolen from Alexandria by two Italian merchants in 828 AD. After 200 years, the remains were moved to the Basilica of Saint Mark. It has became the Cathedral of Venice in 1807, after many years as a local church, under the Doge ruling in the Venetian Republic. Many popes have served as the patriarchs of the cathedral, the most recent being Pope John XXIII and Pope John Paul I.

Basilica is in the form of a Byzantine cross framed as a square, each arm of the cross itself, forming a dome. The Basilica of Saint Mark is faithful to the Apostles of the Church architecture built by Justinian in Constantinople. The special place arranged for the choir is situated above a crypt. The interior plan shows several ships – three longitudinal and three transverse vessels.
Above the high altar is a canopy placed on decorated columns with bas-reliefs belonging to the eleventh century. The masterpiece that represent the altar forms Pala d’Oro, meaning the Golden wall. More specifically, its altar is a Byzantine metal-work done in 1105 in order to establish the apse facade that owns the altar . Behind the high altar is another altar, this time presenting as individual items, alabaster columns.
Inside, the basilica walls were covered with mosaics, forming a mixture of Byzantine and Gothic styles, while the floor features a syncretism of the twelfth century, featuring pieces of marble in geometric and animal Mitov.
The mosaics are made from pieces of gold, bronze and a variety of stones. Narthex mosaics depict scenes from the Old Testament, with beautiful series that shows the days of creation in the right dome of the basilica.
Step by step, the brick exterior came to be covered with various marbles and sculpture, some of them even older than the building itself (such as statues of the four tetrarch). A new facade was built, and the domes were covered with other domes and even larger, made of wood, in order to align the basilica to the Gothic architecture style of the Doge’s Palace, which had been reconfigured.